How much can a landlord charge for a security deposit?
It depends on your state. 29 states and DC cap deposits, usually at one to two months' rent. The other 21 set no statewide limit, though a city can. The cap often has exceptions, such as extra pet deposits, furnished units or small landlords. That's why the calculator shows the full rule for your state, not just a number.
When does a landlord have to return a deposit?
Every state sets a deadline, from 14 days (for example New York, Hawaii and Nebraska) to 60 days (Alabama and Arkansas). The landlord must return the deposit, or send an itemized list of what they kept and why. In some states the clock only starts once you give a forwarding address or ask for the deposit in writing. So send your new address in writing on the day you move out, and keep a copy.
What can a landlord deduct?
Generally: unpaid rent and damage beyond normal wear and tear. Faded paint, small nail holes and carpet worn by ordinary use are usually wear and tear. Holes in walls, broken fixtures and pet damage usually are not. Take dated photos or a video at move-in and move-out. They are your best evidence if you disagree with a deduction.
What if my landlord is late or keeps too much?
Many states penalize a landlord who misses the deadline or keeps a deposit in bad faith. In some states that means losing the right to deduct anything, or paying double or triple damages. Start with a short written request that names your state's deadline. If that fails, small claims court is built for disputes this size and usually doesn't require a lawyer.
Check the lease before you pay
A deposit clause can hide other costs: "non-refundable" fees, automatic cleaning charges, or a deposit that grows each year. Our guide to illegal lease clauses and the renters' rights by state table cover what is often void. California renters have their own page on what a California lease cannot say, and the lease red flags guide shows where the deposit and fee terms usually hide.
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Frequently asked questions
Can a landlord charge more than one month's rent as a deposit?
In many states, yes. The cap ranges from 1 month (for example New York, California for most landlords, Massachusetts) to 3 months (Nevada), and 21 states set no statewide limit. Pick your state in the calculator to see its rule.
Is last month's rent part of the security deposit?
It depends on the state. Some count prepaid rent toward the cap (Arizona and Nevada do, for example), and some treat it separately. The rule for your state is shown above.
How long does a landlord have to return a security deposit?
Between 14 and 60 days in most states, measured from when the tenancy ends. A few states have no fixed number of days. The calculator gives your state's deadline and, if you enter a move-out date, the due date.
What happens if the landlord doesn't return my deposit on time?
In many states the landlord loses the right to keep any of it or owes a penalty. Send a written demand first, then consider small claims court.
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